Choose a floor covering

Flooring is an important component of the complex repair. Today, the most urgent decisions are linoleum, laminate and parquet. Each type of coverage has its advantages and disadvantages, so the choice depends on personal preference and the planned budget.

Laminate flooring - modern and high-quality building material, which allows you to quickly and reliably arrange the floor in commercial premises and in the living room. Laminate board has excellent performance: it is resistant to mechanical deformation, easy to clean, very tolerant of load, if necessary, dismantled and re-installed. If done correctly, the installation of such a floor, not only looks great, but also provides good sound insulation.

According to the intensity of use laminate is divided into two groups: commercial and residential premises. Within each category there is a division in the model with a different degree of wear resistance. To view the range of laminated boards, you can click on the link, a wide range of decor and textures allows you to choose the design for any type of interior.

The design is dominated by the texture of wood or imitation stone, thanks to modern technology the appearance of the floor, made of laminate retains its appeal during the whole period of operation.

The upper level of the laminate is a layer of acrylic or melamine resin, it protects the surface from chips, scratches, mechanical damage, prevents the penetration of moisture inside. The base layer is composed of high-quality particle board, it provides the strength and reliability of the entire structure, namely the thickness of this layer depend insulating properties floor. It also affects the ability of the coating to protect the premises from unnecessary noise.

The bottom layer is the impregnation of the polymer resin, it protects the board from the influence of moisture, it provides little mobility, which compensates for any slight unevenness in the floor.

As laminate flooring has excellent hygienic characteristics: it does not emit harmful substances, fireproof, easy to clean, hypoallergenic, and its surface is perfect for people who care about their health. The material is resistant to rot, is not exposed to mold, it does not emit odors.

                   Sawdust, as a heater

Many people have their own suburban house because of its warming issue is always topical. Particularly acute, this problem arises with the onset of winter. So that winter does not bring disappointment in housing need in the warm worry about home insulation.

So for insulation you can use various thermal insulation, but most are a cheap chips (wood waste).

Sawdust, as a thermal insulator, used everywhere today. But do it right is not so easy as it seems at first glance. Sawdust can find in any wood processing enterprises. Before the introduction of chips, they should not soak scented varnish. This is done in order to have at home not settle in the mouse, because the smell repels them, with this method even more effective everyday rat poison.

After impregnation, the chips they need to dry because wet sawdust will rot inside your home that will bring great difficulties. The time needed for drying sawdust, can be carried out with the utility. For example, you can start preparing the walls or the floor (that part of the structure that you want to warm) to the insulation. For the preparation of the floor must be removed flooring (when working with the floor) and throw a "naked" walls with insulation walls.

If you just need a floor insulation layer rovnenko sprinkle sawdust height of approximately 5 cm. Even more time consuming insulation walls. In this case, it will be necessary plywood, sawdust and close to a lot of patience to correctly fill chips, because they can sleep out of plywood. But it is best to house warming conduct in full (floor, ceiling, walls) because the insulation of the 1st element will give a huge effect.

Tips for waterproofing bathrooms in a wooden house

To waterproofing bathroom in a wooden house was really good, and the abundance of moisture that there is going in large numbers, are not adversely affected the design of the structure, it is necessary to properly equip.

If earlier it was quite a challenge, but today, when the construction market offers a variety of materials, with proper and competent approach to business to solve this problem is quite simple.

And all the work with the appropriate tools and patience, you can make your own hands.

In a wooden house waterproofing bathroom be sure to perform both the floor and ceiling and wall.

Particular attention should be paid to waterproofing of the wall, which is in direct contact with the bath.
How is the waterproofing of the floor

Almost all the houses are made of wood, with wooden floors, respectively, and to the subfloor is also used wooden materials.

Today it is not a big problem when using high-quality waterproof materials such floor can be even is equipped with a heating system, including water.

For houses built of wood, there are several different variants of the device floor, namely: concrete screed and lags.

The first version of the specialists do not recommend, since it greatly aggravates the whole construction of the structure in general and contributes to the escape of heat from the premises.

In addition, the concrete base floor waterproofing is much more difficult to perform than on the basis of a floor made of a lag.

Therefore, a wooden house is recommended to equip the flooring on joists, and its waterproofing done with the use of special materials.

All the necessary work in this case it is possible to make the hands.

The first step is to perform a complete waterproofing the entire basement under the floor.

This can be done using a special mixture of plaster, which includes a variety of polymeric materials.

At work pay special attention to locations near the treatment of plaster walls. The same plaster can be used for surface treatment of the walls in the bathroom of a wooden house.

Furthermore, it should be using to build a small red brick special bars, after which the basic design to make installation of wood stoves.
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It is mandatory to use all logs must be pre-treated with special antiseptic and allow them to dry well.

After that the installation finished lags on brick columns, in accordance with the technology.

Before you will be made laying floors themselves, necessarily need to carefully handle all the materials used special waterproofing layer.

Many experts strongly recommend the use of multiple layers of the waterproofing coating simultaneously.

For this purpose, perfect bitumen varnish, designed specifically for sex. It creates a timber for a quality protective layer and enhances its elasticity.

In addition, the floor is suitable for waterproofing paint and primer, which, among its main features, further enhances the strength of the wood material.

For effective waterproofing of the front surface of the floor using different types of parquet lacquers. Also for this purpose, you can use all kinds of stains.

In addition, the complex is permitted to use different layers of waterproofing to the floor.

Waterproofing treatment of walls

An important point in the regeneration of the bathroom in a wooden house is a waterproof wall finish.

Such waterproofing should be performed before the moment when the very walls are lined with an obverse base, for example, strips or drywall.

To do this, use a variety of materials. The base of the walls can be clad special plastic film having a high density.

To do this with the help of her stapler carefully fastened around the perimeter of the walls in the bathroom.

It is worth noting that in this case there is a need to think about the arrangement of ventilation, otherwise the bathroom in the room can observe a kind of greenhouse effect, which soon will have an impact on the surface of the walls.

As a base coat for walls in wooden houses often use the combined method, in which the walls are made in a lump of wood, and in the most humid areas are faced with tiles.

For waterproofing the walls in the bathroom of a wooden house, you can use a variety of materials.

For example, moisture resistant glass provide magnesium sheets, which are attached to the bottom wall.

Also suitable for this purpose special Akvapanel which consist of reinforced expanded polystyrene.

One of the advantages of this new material is that the panels themselves can be given absolutely any form, and besides, they are not deformed and does not overload the structure of the building.

Another effective way to perform waterproofing the walls - the use of liquid glass.

The layer of material applied to the surface of the wooden wall, giving it elasticity, and in addition having enhanced antiseptic properties.

Apply this composition on the walls of the best in several layers, particular attention is paid to the grouting.

To improve the waterproofing of the walls in the bathroom wooden structure can also use the so-called surface waterproofing.

It is a mixture of bitumen and polymer materials. They are applied over the entire base, especially carefully in the corners of walls and in the joints with floor and ceiling.

For the waterproofing of wooden walls in the bathroom are also suitable cement-polymer mastic. Their structure waterproof drive components and connecting elements that perfectly fill all the seams.

For more strength applied to the wooden wall waterproofing give glass cloth mesh, which must be placed between the base and the wall facing layer.

For better sealing joints of the walls and their joints in the area of ​​the ceiling and floor it is recommended to glue a layer of special sealing tape.

Make a waterproof bathroom wooden building with his own hands, everyone can.
Waterproofing of ceiling

The bathroom has a wooden house to improve waterproofing properties recommended ceiling.

The device is of the ceiling will help to effectively protect all hardwood floors from moisture.

In addition, under it there is a possibility to hide completely unnoticed as the ventilation system, and many other communications.

First we need to treat the base of the ceiling with special protective means and give it to dry completely.

As the face layer wooden ceiling in the bath can be recommended to use a moisture-resistant drywall or special gipsovolokno, which will provide a high waterproofing.

As the profiles under such coverage ceiling is better to use the ones that are designed for use on the street and have a protective coating against corrosion.

Assembled so you can paste over the ceiling steklooboyami that provide efficient hydraulic protection.

For effective sealing of the ceiling in the bathroom wooden building, it is better to use several layers of adequate protection.

So, it is recommended to thoroughly clean the entire surface of the ceiling and to treat it with primer.

Next, you need to use bitumen mastic, with particular attention in the processing of this material is given a waterproofing of cracks, corners and places near which hosts various communications.

After drying putty, you can proceed to the application of the next layer of waterproofing. In the case of flat sheeting mount his lap.

Only then can you start the final finishing of the ceiling in the bathroom.

All necessary work on waterproofing the ceiling can be done without too much difficulty with his own hands.
An important point during the works on waterproofing bathroom in a wooden house is the improvement of ventilation.

Only with this system all the moist air will not stay in the room and would be free to leave it.

To do this it is best to use a forced-air and exhaust mechanical ventilation, which is easy to assemble yourself.

In the area of ​​the ceiling will need to secure the two tubes, one - for the air flow, and the other - for the air outlet to the outside. On both ends of the ducts must be secured special protective funnel.

Next - made assembly and installation of the fan grilles at the entrances of the ventilation ducts.

          Replacing household chemicals

1. Mustard can wash the dishes! It is better to buy mustard flour. Pour on a wet sponge and three fatty dish - well washed!

2. The universal tool for cleaning around the house - a mixture of water mixed with vinegar, plus a few drops of lavender oil.

3. To wash the windows, dilute vinegar and water 1: 5, apply to the glass and wipe with paper or a soft cloth. Vinegar can be replaced by lemon juice.

4. To combat lime stains on the sink, tub, toilet water them with vinegar, sprinkle a little baking soda and let stand. Then they are easy to clean with a brush.

5. Whiten fabric can be as follows: 10 liters of water add 2 table. tablespoons of hydrogen peroxide and 1 table. a spoonful of ammonia.

6. Baking soda - oven cleaner. To remove the fat leave overnight a quarter cup of ammonia in the oven the next morning, wipe the baking soda. Effective cleaning is also more warm plate salt.

7. Clean the sewer use salt. It must fill the pipe and rinse with hot water.

8. Glass can be polished ammonia and soap.

9. A mirror with a mixture of vinegar and water in equal proportions.

10. Surprisingly corn starch works well for carpet cleaning. It needs to throw and then vacuum the surface.

How to clean the washing machine

        How to clean the washing machine

Pour 2 cups of white vinegar into the washing machine and run a long wash cycle with hot water without the addition of clothing and other detergents. Let the machine run for a few minutes to prepare a solution, and then temporarily stop the program execution to give him time to act on the dirt inside the tank.

After an hour, remove the washing machine to pause and wait for the wash. Then, run a short wash cycle to wash away the remnants of the solution. Vinegar will clear the washing machine from scale, remove soap and dirt accumulation, will help get rid of bacteria and odor. You can replace the vinegar with two cups of chlorine bleach, but it is more toxic agent.

After draining the water, wipe the inside of the door and the rubber seal around it with a soft cloth dampened with a mixture of equal amounts of water and vinegar. Sealers pay special attention, as they are often a trap for dirty water and various deposits. Then go over it with a damp cloth and wipe dry.

The described method can get rid of the musty smell that is often heard from the washing machine after washing. And to prevent the re-emergence of his sometimes when washing towels, add a glass of vinegar and wash them at high temperatures. This will not hurt a towel and help disinfect them. Also, with the removal of odors it copes baking soda, but it is not as disastrous for odor-causing bacteria.

                Dry mixes for the floor

For screeds and self-leveling flooring mixture used. These mixtures after mixing with water and intensive mixing, thanks to the combined action of plasticizing additives and conservation, have properties of "liquid body." They may spread under its own weight, forming a flat surface. At the same time they have not observed sedimentation - separation with separation of water up and settling of aggregate. The use of polymeric modifiers provides high durability floor.

In mixtures for screeds as binder used Portland cement and gypsum, but for Exterior - Portland cement or aluminous cement. Experts advise to choose a non-shrink dry mixture. They are rapidly gaining strength and withstand the load to pass within 8-10 hours after application, and on its thermal insulation properties are very close to the wood.

                             Color and pattern

A few simple tips when choosing wallpaper for a room:

• Dark wallpaper is very good for bedrooms because with their help easy to create the warm and cozy room in the house. With dark walls more organically combined furniture in dark colors (wenge, chocolate), but also a simple and light furniture creates a striking contrast with the walls.
• The vertical stripe visually increase the ceiling height, but a bit narrow the wall.
• The horizontal bar on the contrary, push the wall, but the ceiling will seem lower than it actually is.
• Large drawing can be used to spacious rooms, and for small rooms is better to choose wallpaper with a small unobtrusive patterns that visually enlarge the living space.
• Wallpaper brilliantly under different lighting help to create a different specular effects - from cold to warm hues. Due to the imposition of gloss to a matte surface it would seem that the pattern consists of several layers, the amount will be, which is also visually increase the space of the room.
Try to paste one of the walls of the bedroom, bedside,
active ornament, and the rest of the walls painted in the favorite color

The desired shade

Not to be mistaken with a hint when choosing wallpaper in the shop, you need to take a sample wallpaper and move away from the bright light in that part of the room where the light is more subdued. Venture out with the samples does not make sense, because the apartment is usually no direct sunlight and artificial light is used. Of course, it is necessary first to determine the order of light bulbs installed in the room - cold or warm, and then find the appropriate lighting in the store.

ACTUAL REASONS

Do not be afraid to experiment! Now it is not difficult, because a choice of several options for win-win combination of wallpaper, proposed by designers as a bright accent pattern and neutral companion to him. The new season of fashion colors with textile ornaments, a variety of options cells and strips of denim, lace motifs and paisley (in cucumber), classic medallions and delicate floral patterns embossed air as if embroidered on cloth wallpaper.

PAPER AND interlining

Paper wallpaper popular for many years, are widely used in the decoration and now, that is. To. Have a number of advantages, environmentally friendly and allow the walls to breathe. But, of course, modern technology is rapidly evolving, and developers offer new types of wallpaper are more comfortable in the glueing. To this type belong, for example, non-woven wallpaper. Unlike paper when gluing them should strictly follow the instructions, cut into strips before gluing and apply the adhesive to a detailed sheet, non-woven wallpaper you just need to attach to the wall, smeared with glue and trim the excess pieces only after comparing the bands in drawing joint to joint. Fleece - an environmentally friendly material made from cellulose and polyester, so it can be glued and children's rooms, and the room where the living and working allergies.

Why fall off over time, tiles in the bathroom

Laying tiles, most often, is one of the finishing operations decoration. Therefore it is very disappointing when after a while it starts to fall off suddenly or covered with a network of cracks. All the more so to repair the defective portion is difficult.

How can you avoid such unfortunate incidents?

To do this you need to know the reasons why tiles may fall off from the wall or floor.

Reasons peeling tile from the bottom

The reasons on which tile can "leave home place" quite a lot: do not use a suitable adhesive. It is essential that glue was properly selected in accordance with the kind of the surface on which the tile is glued, and the type of the tile. Now there are many types of glue, so you need to consider the choice of with great attention.
The type of tiles depends on the speed with which it absorbs water. This is important, since the composition of adhesives have almost any cement which hardens on contact with water. And if the tiles quickly absorbs water, the glue just does not have time to gain strength. Watch out for the lifetime of the adhesive. If the adhesive overexpose, the tiles are not glued properly. All data are adhesive on its packaging. If you are not a great expert on tiling, it is best to dilute the glue in small portions, to have time to develop it within the time specified in the instructions. The cause of poor adhesion is adhesive and the surface to which the tile is glued, various additives can be introduced into the concrete composition in order to improve its properties or to accelerate hardening.
Sometimes tiles mounted on a poorly cleaned surface - such as old paint, or even the previous layer of tiles. It would not have praised various primers that have "death" to draw the glue to the wall, not worth the risk. It is better to spend time and effort to clean the surface of the old coating. In addition, it should be clean, dust-free, with no oil and rust stains. Often the cause of chipping tiles becomes irregular surface. Some artists, in order to accelerate the work, the tiles are mounted on poorly leveled surface, adding in some places a little more glue. It is also unacceptable. Glue is applied to the surface layer of a specific thickness specified in the instructions thereto. Too thick a layer causes deterioration of adhesion between the adhesive and the wall and, respectively, and tiles. The reason for peeling tiles may be incorrect adhesive agent. Some craftsmen, rather than apply the adhesive evenly over the entire surface of the tile with a notched trowel, apply it to the middle of the tiles slide and simply press it to the wall. Or even applied glue dot. All this reduces the contact area of ​​the tiles with the adhesive and lead to the fact that over time it begins to fall off in some places. Poor The dried before installing the tile surface can cause a marriage to work. Many modern tile adhesives applied on a dry surface. Therefore, after the treatment of the walls or floor primer is necessary as it should be dry. If, for example, dividing wall is thin and poorly anchored, tile may fall off. The new houses are not recommended to glue the tiles at once, you need to wait at home shrinkage. If all the work is done, the shrinkage, when the design is shifted relative to one another, several rows of the tiles can simply "cut off".

Causes of cracking tiles
There are also several reasons for cracking the tile:

Poor tiles.
From this no one is guaranteed, because the low-quality goods can be bought on the cheap and at great expense. Therefore, purchase materials for repair only in proven stores. Poor-quality gluing tiles - not on level ground or voids. In this situation, when the surface is accidentally pressed tile may break at the point where is located under it, "hump". If emptiness beneath it, just break off a piece of tile. This often happens with the corners of the tile.

The cause of cracks in the tile may be too quick drying glue, so that it simply "torn apart" tile. It is often found in areas with under-floor heating, which is lined with tiles.
Too early inclusion of heat can ruin all the work. How to repair the surface, if the tiles fell off What if the beauty of the room broken several dumps plitochki? In this situation, you need to figure out the reason why the tiles fell off. It is also possible to tap neighboring tiles - if the sound is muffled, it is likely, under them are empty and can be expected to follow "plitkopada." In this situation it is sometimes necessary to completely remove tiles, and repeat the work, but without mistakes.

If your research was successful, and the adjacent tiles are fixed well, then you can proceed to repair necessary to scrape the old tile grout, clean tiles from residues of glue. This should be done carefully, otherwise the tiles can not "take the place". The place where the tile, remove glue residue and the entire surface incised with something sharp. The depth of the scratches should not be less than 5 mm. Apply glue to the wall and on the tile thickness of about 2 mm. Insert the tile in place, lightly press. Let the adhesive dry for days, and wipe the seams. If the tiles fell and split, it will have to go to the store to pick up the pieces and the like. It is clear that you do not want to buy a pack of glue alone plitochki.
In this situation, you can use: A mixture of cement with PVA glue. Keeps well and then remove the tile without punch fail. The mixture was enamel paint with cement. It should have the consistency of sour cream. Promazyvat need and wall tiles.

How to choose a wire in their section and power

Sizing cables is an important step in the design of power supply a house or apartment. With insufficient wire section is overheated, which can lead to melting of the insulation and short-circuit, the consequences of which are unpredictable.

Conductor cross-sections are selected for the value flowing through them and the current can be determined from tables or calculated. Table section of the conductor wiring requirements are specified in the "Rules for Electrical Installation" (PUE). In the same normative document contains a table with the maximum permissible currents depending on the conductor cross-section and operating conditions. Below is a table of cases, most often encountered when installing wiring in houses and apartments.

Keep in mind that, according to the SAE-section of copper wires for homes must be at least 2.5 square meters. mm and 1.5 square meters. mm after them. Before wiring to examine the situation of the SAE on houses. Compliance with these requirements will allow them to improve the reliability of power supply and avoid claims of Energonadzor.

Rated load current wires As the table shows, the nominal load current of wires depends on the cooling of the conductors. Wire, laid in the walls, channels and pipes are not blown by air, so cool slowly. Thick wire transfer heat worse than thin and kept smaller current density. The current density is determined by dividing the allowable current to the wire size. For aluminum wires it is within 5 - 10 A / sq. mm, for copper - 7 - 15 A / sq. mm. Multiplying the current density of the load current can determine the required wire size.

Use for wiring the flat copper conductors - they are less oxidized and do not break at the joints, so are more reliable.

The use of aluminum in hazardous occupations prohibited without reason. Calculation of cable cross-section of the power consumers of electricity Calculation of wire sizes to start with the definition of the total power load on the electrical network. It is especially important to take into account the major power consumers, having the following characteristics: iron - 1 - 2 kW; washing machine - up to 2 kW; vacuum cleaner - 1 - 2 kW; water heater - about 2 kW; electric - 1 - 2 kW; Microwave - 0.6 - 2 kW; electric - up to 2 kW; Air conditioning - up to 3 kW; fridge - about 1 kW; electric heating boiler - 2 - 5 kW; lighting - power one light bulb, multiplied by the number of them. Power electrical appliances can be specified in the instruction manual. Calculate the total power of the consumers, and dividing its value by 220 volts, define the load current.

Further tables or find current density wire size.

When calculating the power you need to keep in mind that not all consumers are included at the same time - if the boiler is heating, air conditioning, no one uses it. This fact can be taken into account by multiplying by a factor of the total power demand. Empirically it found that for flats with a total power of 14 kW it is 0.8 to 20 kW - 0.65 kW to 50 kW - 0.5. For example, consider the selection of cable cross-section from the junction box to the kitchen outlets. The kitchen includes a refrigerator 1 kW, dishwasher - 1 kW electric - 2 kW microwave - 0.8 kW electric oven - 2 kW and air conditioning - 2 kW.

The total capacity is 8.8 kW. Multiply this value by a factor of 0.8 in demand and obtain 7.04 kW. Translate kilowatts in watts (1 kW = 1000 W) and determines the load current: I = 7040/220 = 32 A. As the table flush select twisted pair copper wire cross section Q3. mm or aluminum - 5 sq. mm. The same section we obtain by dividing current to the average values ​​of its density. Sometimes available unknown wire section. Knowing a diameter section readily determined by the formula S = 0,785D2, where D - diameter of the conductor. For stranded wires result is multiplied by 0.785.

How to properly prepare the wall to shtroblenie under wiring and what options exist shtrobleniya, tell our article, previously placed in the group.

The lack of natural light. What to do?

We all noticed that, in the autumn-winter period, many often a worsening of mood, decreased immunity, drowsiness, lowering efficiency. Often, reducing the body's defenses can be caused by lack of sunlight, which is necessary to carry out metabolic processes, the functioning of the central nervous system and the formation of vitamin balance in the body. Our article will tell you how to deal with the lack of natural light, providing itself vigor of mind and body.

As you know, in our homes use natural and artificial lighting. Natural (natural) light can vary not only depending on the time of year, but the time of day and weather conditions. Of course, great importance is also the area of ​​residence.

In our country, there are standards for natural and artificial lighting of various spaces according to their purpose. In practice, however, the appearance of dark areas of the apartment to the constructive decisions of buildings is not uncommon.

In addition to the shortcomings of planning the level of natural light is influenced by external factors. It can be residential or office and commercial building, which was built near your home, or heavily overgrown trees and shrubs under windows that prevent the penetration of sunlight into your apartment.

What to do in such a situation? Increase the number and wattage of artificial lighting? It is not an option, since no lamps and chandeliers can not "make" on all the functions of natural light.

Once in the room there is a lack of sunlight, the following ways to fill it.

Harnessing the power of planning premises
To visually expand the space and fill it with light, you can remove some of the walls in the room that are not load-bearing structures. Perhaps the union of a kitchen-dining room, kitchen, living room, living room, corridor, etc. Studio generally consists of one room, divided into specific functional areas.

If you desperately need a clear delineation of the space into separate rooms, can be applied in interior partitions do not reach the ceiling, or translucent glass or plastic partitions that do not hinder the passage of sunlight.

Sometimes capital partitions make through holes (openings) that are either left open, you arrange the border or close the glass. Glass can be: smooth or embossed surface structure; transparent or opaque; monochrome or patterned.

In recent years, designers have adopted the role of a glass partition large aquariums. This option looks great in the interior of hotels, bars and restaurants. Although set in the apartment septum aquarium dare not everyone, and the room should be big enough in size to such a partition seemed appropriate in this interior.

Window openings
As you know, the sun's rays penetrate into the room through a window and balcony openings in the walls of the building. Therefore, if your apartment is clearly a shortage of natural light, do not use tinted glass glazing. Do not clutter the windowsills flower pots, vases and other items. Use curtains of light, air and light fabrics (for example, organza).

Using the abilities of different surfaces Fluorescence
The lighter interior decoration, the more reflective the ability it has. The ceilings in many apartments have a white color, which is very rarely used for wall and floor coverings. If you need to increase natural lighting, use light and warm colors in the decoration of the entire room.

The same applies to the color of the interior furniture. Excess light tones can be compensated for the use of any element of a dark color. For example, furniture can be made of dark wood with light upholstery. In addition, some of the furniture can be made of glass or polished surface reflects sunlight well.

A good option for the floor is laminated flooring or ceramic tile.

Textiles used in the interior as well is of great importance. Light colors curtains, bedspreads, decorative pillows and a silk carpet on the floor will contribute to filling the space solar energy and help you maintain a good mood even on cloudy autumn days.

Finally, the huge role played by the interior mirror, with which you can not only reflect the sunlight and direct it in the right direction.

The compact kitchen. Options

The compact kitchen help out when you have a small apartment. Kitchen in small apartments are very small and not always all together - what has to sacrifice something. Manufacturers kitchens think about it and offer you a couple of examples of compact kitchens.

Task kitchen manufacturers - to make it as functional and compact. And they did it. Look at this picture, you feel that this is an ordinary computer table, but in fact it is a multifunctional table with stuffing.

As you can see, it is enough to lift the countertop and below we can see a special coating (worktop) for cooking. Also here there are sink and faucet for washing vegetables, dishes and so on. Note that as originally occupied the square table, so many left, but we already have the kitchen table.

View from the top of the table and the door is open, give us to understand that on the table have already built an electric stove, built-in desk and refrigerator space for kitchen utensils.

This is one version of the kitchen, which does not require a lot of space ...

The next option is similar, but here the filling table is more adapted for the same dishes. As you can see in the table, you can build anything you want, such as a refrigerator can be replaced with a dishwasher.

But wait, in addition to the table, we can fill the space above it. There can arrange these shelves here and put them on the microwave. And all this to close the door. Below you can make a backlight and can think through the hood.

Here's how it will look together. Kitchen area will take at a minimum, at the same time, such a compact table will be enough to prepare food.

Manifold for underfloor heating - advice on selection and installation

Manifold for underfloor heating, which is one of the most important components of the water floor heating circuit, is responsible for maintaining, preset thermostat, the temperature of the coolant.

Without it - it's hard to imagine the effective operation of the system, and full room heating.

Underfloor heating has a number of advantages compared with traditional radiators.

They appreciated in European countries where underfloor considered widespread, for example - in Norway in this way are heated more than half the buildings.

Unlike conventional steam heating radiators, air rises from the floor heating up, evenly distributing the heat around the room, thereby eliminating the possibility of drafts.

Thermal energy consumption, compared to conventional heat sinks - below 20 per cent, at the same temperatures.

Finally, the floor heating system does not spoil the design of their presence, because it is hidden from your eyes.

It is a network of mini-pipeline which is mounted within the space between the floor covering and the floor surface.

Pipelines filled circulating warmed coolant which, depending on the design features of the system of floor heating can be represented with a solution of ethylene glycol antifreeze, or water.
Choose collector

Before choosing a collector for water floor heating, it is necessary to coordinate it with the scheme of the system of floor heating.

This is due to two factors:
Firstly, the cost of distribution manifold floor heating;
Secondly, it depends on the security of the system.

The objective is to keep the reservoir coolant temperature within certain limits, which sets the value of the thermostat.

The heated and cooled thermal fluids are mixed together in a mixing manifold assembly - the main element of it.

Today, not only the collector for warm water floor, but mixing units to have a lot of modifications, the choice of which is dictated by the ease of installation and practicability.

Collector primarily selected for a particular system, taking into account that should be provided the necessary pressure created by the flow direction.

For the manufacture of some types of collectors used - brass, others - stainless steel. This is one of the factors influencing the formation of prices and causing the choice of one or another model.

The second important indicator that should be considered when selecting the collector is - the degree of complexity of the model.

For example, you can stop their attention on the collectors which incorporate a sensor to monitor coolant flow, drain valve and bleed screw, which increases system reliability.

To date, the collector node of thermoregulation is not considered a rarity.

It meets many different modifications having in its composition a variety of gauges, temperature sensors, components for air release, flow control and other accessories.

So, with so-called collector - flowmeter is a complete mixing unit. By using two thermometers can avoid heat losses in the system.

In each of the heating circuits is given its temperature thanks to a special device with brass comb and flowmeters.

This collector are:
thermal head, manned submersible probe;
thermostatic mixing valve;
Case for a special thermometer;
air vent.

The objective of the thermostatic valve is timely supply of hot water a certain volume.

This avoids all sorts of faults in the system. Thermostat with immersion probe tracking workflows in the system - to prevent all kinds of faults.

On the other hand, the large number of proposals for the collectors of the "warm floor" - one of the reasons that the buyer can not determine the choice.

If you choose, the most important thing to pay attention to the following points - the volume of the room where the installation of floor heating will, for what purpose and who will use the room, and of course the most important thing - the budget for the purchase.

For systems operating in the areas of small size, it will be enough plastic collector. For it is not subject to special requirements for thermoregulation.

Relatively inexpensive to buy manifold for underfloor heating, the kit which includes - and the meter is adjustable.

The latest technology is a group of floor heating mixers, along with the flowmeter having five outputs Icma.

Due to the possibility of balancing the circuit and accurate temperature-controlled, a high reliability of the system "warm floor".

Manifold for underfloor heating pump is effective in the sense that it is carried out by circulation of the coolant circuit.

Connection - Instructions chart

Connecting the collector floor heating is performed after the laying of pipes made for the coolant and manifold mounted cabinet.

Depending on the willingness of the owners of the apartment or house, collector ran into a wall cabinet or set otherwise, the main thing - that it did not create discomfort, but at the same time to it should be convenient connection pipes.

Considered below wiring diagram allows the collector to make the connection between the collector pipes and the boiler with his hands.

Connection

According to the algorithm, the installation begins with the installation of the collector shut-off valves (faucets), along with a thermometer.

It is much more convenient to buy a collector set as complete as it includes already have shut-off valves on all existing circuit outputs, including - supply and "tank line."

Because of this, not only to facilitate the installation of underfloor heating manifold, connecting pipes, coolants, but also has the ability to produce the desired shutdown circuit, without affecting the others.

Collectors of this type let manufacturers Valtec, Watts and REHAU.

For interconnecting the collectors, valves and pipes - used compressor fittings or special connectors, consisting of a brass nut, the bearing sleeve and the clamping ring.

It is not always connected elements are of the same diameter, in this case - can not do without-fitting adapter.

In its simplest form, is represented by a simple construction of sewers and stop valves.

Thus, the installation of underfloor heating manifold in a simplified form as follows:
to the manifold by a stopcock is connected the supply pipe and return stroke;
a collector connected to the pipes, heat-transfer system "warm floor".

The above diagram is a simplified version, which is used very rarely because of the fact that there is a dependence on the boiler - is to reduce the flow of coolant is immediately lowered floor heating.

Instructions for connecting

The modern circuit has a full adjustment of underfloor heating manifold.

They contain the following elements:
pumping and mixing unit (or a 3-way mixer);
air vent;
drain valve;
circulation pump, contributing to the movement of the coolant in the system

This arrangement allows the complete control of the system.
Doing their own hands

The collector floor heating with his hands - a very popular topic, which is explained by efficiency and deserved popularity of this type of outdoor heaters.

Very often artists with no experience of such work repels the complexity and difficulty of installation.

Homemade collector for underfloor heating should meet the design features underfloor heater.

The cheapest one homemade considered collector composed of check valves and having no possibility of adjustment.

Driving collector for underfloor heating with a connection of the control valve requires a greater investment, but - in every single branch of the coolant flow rate can be adjusted.

In other words, if necessary, for each room is possible to make adjustments of uniform heating.

In rare cases, it is advisable to use servos, as a complement to the valve, it is possible to automate the process.

The device is water reservoir floor as standard incorporates a supply and return manifolds.

Origin (another name - pressure) using a micrometer valve closes and opens the circuit at some point.

Control valves are adjusted return manifold pressure drop.

In practice - often fails to ensure that all circuits are equally had the same length and the load.

It is clear that due to the fact that the underfloor heating pipes are of different length - is uneven heating of the room.

There is a need for balancing the water supply control valves implemented.
Where to buy and how much?

The price collector for underfloor heating determined by the type of material used in its manufacture and the number of circuits.

The manufacturer guarantees the normal operation within two years. This is possible because high-quality materials and workmanship.

On the mechanical elements, a five-year warranty period.

Buy a collector for underfloor heating is most conveniently via express delivery, which requires an order in the online store.

The choice of acrylic baths

When you purchase it is important to make sure that the font is made of acrylic sheets thickness 5 mm and reinforced metal mesh.

Sanitary products should be coated without scratches, bumps and irregularities.

At the edges of the flanges of acrylic baths are traces of reinforcement similar to annual rings of wood. Preference should be given to products with a large number of rings.

Paint the inner surface must be flat and smooth, without jumps and stains.

And, of course, choose the desired product size: length and depth, considering the largest household.

The quality of the font affects manufacturers. Choose a well-known companies, well-established in the market.

How to care for parquet

Today we'll talk about how to properly care for your flooring to it over the years maintained its original appearance?

Here are a few simple rules for the care of parquet. Do not neglect them and your parquet will please the eye, not only you but also your children and grandchildren.

1. Regularly use tools that prevent abrasion and moisture penetration. This means that include wax and solid wax.

2. The legs of chairs and tables stick felt pads.

3. On both sides of the door, lay down mats.

4. Guests betray slippers.

What to do if there is damage to the surface of the parquet?
If the surface of the flooring is damaged, such as dents on the heels, traces the movement of the wheels, etc. should sshlifovat top layer parquet and re-cover it with varnish.

If your house is often the guests, then you should opt for on the floor with oil or oil-wax finish. What good is this floor? That to restore it does not require rounding entire floor. Is sufficient to treat only the damaged areas, then re-applied to their oil.

Natural home with their own hands

The process of gasification of the house consists of several stages, each of which requires special attention. Collection of documents, the selection of the gas equipment, its mode of operation, communications, all these stages deserve special consideration.

The use of gas supply at home has significant advantages and is often a topical solution for owners of country houses. Quite popular in the present day option is a stand-alone gas, which involves the installation of tanks for gas storage and tabulation of certain communications. In many ways, it is convenient, but in the complexity of the process and productivity can yield to the use of a centralized gas supply through the gas mains.

If you decide to spend the gas supply at home, should be identified with the cost of this operation, I know how far gas pipeline passes, the price of pipes, lining them, the manufacturing cost of the project documentation, the future price of gas, its consumption for heating buildings. Do not be amiss to spend extra home insulation to reduce heat loss.

The gasification process as a whole is as follows: you go to your local gas suppliers (Gorgaz) and get permission to connect to the gas network, then choose the design organization, which is developing the project of gasification, and, then, in fact, carried out installation of the system in strict accordance with project. These organizations must have the appropriate certificates that allow them to conduct this activity.

Required documentation

In order to ensure gas supply to the house initially need to collect some documents. The package of documents must present a certificate confirming your ownership of a particular property (plot) and the possibility of gasification.

This package of permitting documents attached to the application of the gas supply to the house, should be present:
confirmation of the chief architectural and planning management (AAP), the possibility of gasification of your premises;
a copy of the registration certificate, which is issued by the Bureau Inventory (BTI);
detailed topographic map of the area, which reflects the scheme of gas communications in all areas gasified. Usually it is performed on a scale of 1: 500. This card is necessary to assure the territorial organization of gas supply;
written consent from the owners of the adjacent plots. This document is provided in the case of the passage of branches on the territory of the households. Also, the possibility of passing gas communications in the neighboring areas should be consistent with gas suppliers;
documentation for the installed gas equipment, both indoors and outdoors (certificates of compliance, permit the use of equipment, an agreement on the future maintenance of the equipment);
Acts survey chimneys for compliance with applicable standards.

After collecting all the permits for gas supply to the house, you need to apply to the territorial gas distribution companies, which provided the passport BTI, number identification code and the data owner. The next step is to write an application for gasification homeownership and obtaining technical conditions. According to the technical documentation, you can choose a design organization to create a gasification project.

Terms connection

In every village there are many organizations that perform design work

and having a certificate for their conduct. However, the best option is to select the organization that you recommend to the gas supply company.

After agreeing on the creation of the project documentation and the need to choose a company that will carry out the installation of gas equipment. This company is necessarily included in the register of permissive, often such work is carried out employees of the gas supply company. In the case of the work by a third party, it should hand over the work performed the employees of the gas service to check their quality to meet all established standards of safety.

Connection to the main networks

The company performs gas supply to the house holds laying gas pipe diameter specified in the project on a specified route. Initially should be agreed during the performance of work with the technical service gas

osnabzhayuschey company that performs the actual accession of your site to the main gas pipeline.

In addition, it should be noted the importance of a written agreement with the installers prior to the execution of works. In such agreement describes the duties of the parties. As a result, it is a guarantee of the quality of work done and gives you the opportunity to challenge the conformity of executed works with the requirements specified in the design documentation.

After assembling the pipeline tie-in is carried out of his trunk and a further trial run of the system. As a result of start at the conclusion regarding the presence or absence of leaks, proper assembly, the maximum load and so forth.

Adjustment of equipment

In fact, the gas supply to the house is almost complete, however, you still need to contact the company that performs maintenance of installed gas equipment. Often these services are provided by gas supplying company or the representatives of the equipment manufacturer. Produced selection of recommended parameters under which the operation of the equipment is the most effective. This procedure is carried out on all existing modes simulating operation of the equipment in the summer, so during the winter peak loads. The result is a significant savings in gas and, therefore, your money.

Paperwork and instruction

The final stage involves the creation of home gas supply relevant documents and passing instructions to the relevant authorities. After installing the communication on site and commissioning of equipment to establish an executive and technical documentation. Then, inspection is carried out of all of this work, which usually occurs within a few weeks after the completion of the installation. In its present chairman, a representative of the customer (ie, you), the contractor and the representative of the gas supply company.

As a rule, if there is any additional recommendations and requirements, you are given a receipt for payment. The original of the receipt is available in Gorgaz, and a copy remains with the company performing the installation of the equipment. After receiving the receipt, the organization sends all technical documentation in the gas distribution companies.

Further filling of the equipment is carried out by representatives of the company and the gas supply to them is a contract for the supply of gas. Typically, after filling of the provision of the technical documentation shall be held within 10-14 days.

Finally instruct all living in the house and grounds. When you tell a briefing on safety measures, the correctness of operation of gas equipment, repair options only representatives of gas supplier, and so on. As a result of the passage of instruction you leave a relevant note in the Journal of the gas supply company. You will be issued a special booklet on the passage of the instruction, which indicates completion of the gas supply to the house.

Useful tips to repair their own hands:

- To reduce the number of fallen to the floor of ink droplets, it is necessary to attach the bottom tray of small cans (plastic plate, cardboard). Stick a tray can be double-sided tape or glue.

- To allow any paint on the edge of the banks do not drip on the floor for it before painting, pierce a few holes in the banks ledges. When there is a cluster of paint, it starts to flow into the hole you made.

- In some circumstances, it happens that when painting in the jar gets the trash and thus paint becomes unsuitable. To avoid such troubles, before the repair work with their hands, cut out of a metal mesh (with a small cross section) circle, slightly less than the diameter of the inlet of the banks. If debris gets into the paint, just push it to the bottom of the grid, and banks continue to repair.

- If you need to stop the process of painting a period of not more than a day, the equipment (brushes, rollers) is not necessary to clean, you can just put it in a container with water.

- If you have cleaned the tool (brush, roller) and the plan to remove it until the next repair, for a long time, you should be aware that the storage of brushes in any case do not put them on the bristles, and the roller is wrapped in foil or polyethylene.

- When planning the paint work, please note that under normal circumstances, a person will be able to paint with a brush of about 11 m. Square smooth surface, 9 m. The untreated wood (concrete), 6 m. Brick.

The sequence of repair of an apartment with his hands:

Ceiling
Walls
Paul

- Remove the old whitewash from the ceiling, it will be easier if it is well to moisten it with water (with a cloth or spray). After all is smooth whitewash dark tone, you are ready to remove it.

- Old latex paint is removed from the surface by rinsing with water (rags, brushes, etc.).

- Preparation of the mix for whitewashing should not experience the color by drawing on cardboard or plastic - the colors will be different. Better, in this case, the sample composition to the intended surface to be painted.

- In order to simplify your work as you move around the room heavy furniture, place under her feet wet bar of soap or a potato cut in half.

- Return old linoleum seasoned luster and gloss can be by rubbing it with mastic for flooring, furniture polishes and varnishes. Put any of these mixtures on the linoleum and after they dry, rub the linoleum soft, dry cloth. Such treatment should be no more than 2 times per month.

- When placing linoleum, it should be remembered that it is necessary to glue in the middle, so that in the future could be expelled from coverage under the excess air.

- When repairing the walls or the floor, it is best to remove the baseboard. So you easily then close the defect repair on wall and ceiling joints.

- Tile on the wall, will hold much stronger if sticking it to the oil-based paint.

- In order that would prevent the emergence and development of mildew fungus on the walls around pipes, toilets and kitchens, always wrap the pipe raw material strips and color them.

- If the glass over time become dull and muddy, rinse them with water and ammonia.

- For a simple cut glass roller glass cutter in obmoknite kerosene.

- In order to at painting window frames, no stained glass, lubricate it with vinegar or vegetable fat.

- Nailed in the wrong place it will be much easier if you attach it to the surface with the help of clay or putty.

- When selecting materials for the repair, remember that their colors will be very different in the light of their home.

- For the uniform application of lacquer on the surface, you can use the following trick. Obmoknite a brush in paint and make a smear 1-2. The rest of the work on implementing the second spreadability varnish brush.

- In the presence of defects on the wallpaper, it is not necessary to hurry up and change all the wallpaper in the room. You can take the remaining piece of wallpaper and cut out of it, under the appropriate section of drawing.

- Old wallpaper can be easily removed, if they are wet with water. Best of all wallpapers are wetted when applying water sponge rubber. If the wallpaper is glued too tightly, it will help to remove them horizontal cuts.

- Air bubbles left on the wallpaper after bonding, can be removed by proglazhivaniya still wet, just pasted wallpaper iron, as well as making a neat vertical cuts.

How to create a stunning floral smell in the room?

1. In a hermetically sealable glass jar or place a layer of petals of lilies, roses or other flowers and sprinkle with fine salt.

2. Then again, place a layer of petals on top, sprinkle with salt.

3. Fill thus jar or glass to pour 3-4 spoons of alcohol or vodka.

4. Every time you want to in the room was a pleasant smell, open the jar for a few minutes.

A small house to live anywhere in the world

The company Monarch Tiny Homes creates a small but comfortable home for all lovers of life away from civilization. The houses have a toilet, shower, kitchen, bed - everything you need for comfort. House you can attach to the car to go anywhere. The cost of the house represented in our post - 22 thousand US dollars.

Tips on buying tiles

During the first visit shops if you need European tiles for the bathroom, you get only the basics that you have in mind will look something like "tiles have any." Indeed, in the shops, you can find a tile from any manufacturer, patterned or solid, in a different price category, and with various technical features. Inexperienced person who understands a little in this area will be difficult to choose: which country to choose a manufacturer of cheap Iran, China or Turkey, or the same road from the French, Spanish or Italian masters. Which properties should be at a good tile for the bathroom, which is the thickness of it should have, and the most mysterious question: What is the difference tiles, made by different techniques? Although this motley chaos can find a positive side. You should surprise a variety of patterns and colors.

If you go to the professionals, they will tell you immediately what to buy better tiles from Spain, since this country is considered the highest quality manufacturer and the largest expert in the world. Sale Spanish tiles in the bathroom in each store a profile. It may be added that the high quality Spanish ceramics largely determined by the quality of the edges of the superior clay.
Also, an inexperienced buyer can marvel at what to get all the necessary tiles can be from the same collection. Usually, it is enabled decor Frieze, floor and wall tiles. Of course, the collection has excellent combinability in style and color. Frieze - a strip decorated with ornaments that decorate the joints or wall tiles, or used to limit the tiled surface. The decor - a single tile with a picture. Usually it is placed either in the center of the wall, or make a repeating element at certain intervals.
During the selection of texture and color of the tiles, it is desirable, of course, ask the advice of a professional designer. For example, tiles, made in bright colors, visually able to increase space. In many ways, the appearance of the premises depends on the lighting. The dirt will be less noticeable on dark surfaces, where the drawing is not uniform, and the matte finish can hide small scratches. Naturally, it would be better if you are able to discuss it in advance.

Construction of racks: 5 functional models for filling cabinet compartment and arrangement of dressing

Metal racks - modern and versatile solution for home, garden, garage, office, hospitals, shops, etc. Shelving as a universal storage system can be used as filling closet or wardrobe to be part of the system.

The basic design of the rack - frame made of metal tubing and shelves. Metal racks consists of modules that can be selected depending on your needs - if you need a structure to store documents in the office, bookshelf or decorative partitions for homes. Accessories are also selected depending on the purpose of: dividers, drawers, trays, shelves, etc.

Advantages of storage systems:

Space saving: Providing maximum functionality at minimum area.
The ability to supplement the rack in any direction
Compact and lightweight
Stability and durability: able to withstand very heavy objects
A simple installation process
Features material: fire and corrosion resistance - do not respond to changes in temperature and do not rust. Ability to use in wet, cold or warm environments.

The combination of modules can be very different, which gives an interesting rack, modern look. With drawings of the modules, you can choose the most convenient option for you.

5 functional models -chertezhi racks with dimensions:

1. MULTIDECK composition
The current solution, which can be an alternative to massive wardrobes.

The stylish and practical system provides space for different lengths of clothes and footwear. You can also add a chest of drawers to hide the little things and accessories from prying eyes. Grills withstand loads up to 40 kg. The storage system will help solve the problem of how to quickly and efficiently remove things.

The frame of rigid steel pristennyhstoek (coated chrome)
Grills stationary chrome, size: 85h40, 65h40 cm (with fasteners)
Crossbar for clothes (chrome), the size of 46-85 cm
Set hangers (chrome)
Size: height - 208 cm width - 150 cm; Depth - 40 cm.

2. The angular composition

Corner composition - a stylish and practical solution for the hallway. Functional composition will accommodate not only outerwear, but also shoes. Grills withstand loads up to 40 kg. Also, in the composition of space for accessories.

The frame of rigid steel racks (coated chrome)
Grills stationary chrome, size: 85h52, 46h52 cm
Crossbar for clothes (chrome), the size of 46-85 cm
Set hangers (chrome)
Size: height - 226 cm width - 143, 85 cm; Depth - 52 cm.

3. Functional composition for filling wardrobe

Rack - a stylish way to equip a dressing room. A small but capacious system will help to remove the clothing as well as to decorate the house, saving maximum space.

The design does not require fixing to the wall, easily assembled and disassembled. Maximum load on the grills - 40 kg. There is a large range of sliding elements that can be added to the composition.

The frame of rigid steel racks (coated chrome)
Grills chrome stationary, size: 85h52, 46h52, 65h52 cm
Wire basket (chrome), size: 65h52 cm
Shelves laminated gray, size: 65h52 cm
Crossbar for clothes (chrome), the size of 46-85 cm
Set hangers (chrome)
Size: height - 226 cm width - 162, 85 cm; Depth - 52 cm.

4. Convenient rack arrangement dressing

Functional Composition section provides for any kind of items. There is an opportunity to spread out all my clothes, even in a small dressing room. Shelves for loads up to 50 kg.

5. The angular arrangement in the hall

Corner bookcase in the hallway or dressing komneate - a simple and convenient way to store things.

The frame of rigid steel racks (coated chrome)
Chrome grills Stationary
Set hangers (chrome)

The idea for the door handle from the pesky neighbors.

When the door is closed, the door handle disappears

Kitchen without upper cabinets: design, photo ideas

Arrange at home a comfortable, beautiful and functional kitchen dream of many. Modern kitchen provides ample opportunity Furnishings. Currently gaining popularity of single-level design of the kitchen without top mounted modules - such furniture can be arranged in different ways, creating in the kitchen space a feeling of lightness and spaciousness.

Types of plan

The sale represented a significant number of options of kitchen furniture without hanging lockers or with a minimum quantity. It is worth noting that in many kitchen cabinets sets floor modules are complemented by high-wardrobes columns with the specially provided place for built-in appliances and a roomy storage unit.

Depending on the methods of placing of floor modules, there are several basic options for interior decoration kitchen without upper cabinets. These include:
linear arrangement - in this case the floor pedestals modules placed along one wall of the kitchen facilities, covering their common top. Thus it is possible to equip a comfortable working space for cooking with kitchen sink, hob and cooking surfaces for handling and cutting products. With such a high planning modules arranged diagonally, or vice versa;
Corner layout - in contrast to the linear arrangement, kitchen floor of the modules installed near the two adjacent walls, ie It occupies a corner of the room. Corner kitchen without wall cabinets is composed of floor pedestals-modules in Mr. shaped structure - with the sliding columns, usually located at some distance from the other wall;
U-shaped arrangement, in which a single-level kitchen furniture without upper cabinets takes two or three adjacent walls - this layout is suitable for rectangular and square rooms average a large area;
island location - in this case the floor pedestals modules are concentrated in the center of the kitchen in the form of "islands", united by a common table top as a work surface. This island can be used for cooking, as well as a dining area for the households. For the convenience of implementation of kitchen cabinets works Colon is nearby.

Conditions for accommodation

Embody different design ideas single-level layout is quite possible with the help of thoughtful planning of the kitchen interior. If you are interested in the possibility of arrangement of the kitchen floor modules, you must first assess the available space for such ideas, as well as to consider comfortable accommodation kitchen appliances and supplies. It is unlikely that a single-level layout of the kitchen is suitable for a small room in which the most important densely build the cabinets and lockers for various cooking needs. If the area allows, trendy kitchen design without upper cabinets to put into practice is quite real. As the second tier lockers in the interior is not available, outdoor cabinets are made sufficiently wide and bulky, so that they could comfortably accommodate all necessary. Maximum convenience and comfort can be achieved by providing additional space for cabinets, columns with built-in kitchen appliances (oven, refrigerator) and drawers for storing utensils and necessary products.

As a condition for placing the kitchen without upper cabinets can be called free space. This type of furniture is most suited for the kitchen area of ​​20 m2, as well as for the rooms, combined in a single studio with a nominal separation zones and combine the kitchen and dining room, and kitchen and living room.

A very impressive combination of looks panoramic floor to ceiling windows, spacious rooms and located in its kitchen island - with a balance of wall cabinets are not needed, as will overload the space.

In a wide room floor cabinets for storage of groceries and utensils are placed on the perimeter, positioning in the central part of the kitchen island (its built-in cabinets boxes suitable for placing the necessary hand utensils and spices). Adjust the proportions of long and narrow room You can remove the mounted kitchen cabinets - so there will be additional space and the room will seem wider.
Advantages and disadvantages of the kitchen without hanging lockers

When single-level layout of the kitchen without upper cabinets hinged work surface often takes a significant portion of the perimeter of the room. An integral part of the interior of European cuisine has long been a great location for the cooking zone in the form of the island.

The advantages of the kitchen without upper wall cabinets include:
a feeling of lightness and space - this interior solution looks unconventional, fresh and quite original. Without hanging wall cabinets, with exemption from such clutter room furniture kitchen impresses the most spacious and bright rooms;
functionality and ease of operation - single-level planning is optimally suited for the fans to cook little and often, as in this case, there is no risk to cling to during the preparation for hanging lockers. In addition, the upper modules will not interfere in the process of cooking and will not block the light, they will not need to wash off grease and dust.

The kitchen without upper cabinets provides ample opportunities for decorating - remain free wall is easy to decorate by placing them on a variety of posters, art prints and pictures in frames.

The disadvantages of a single-level specialties include the following:
for its arrangement requires a large space - the first is primarily practical, otherwise it will be clearly felt a lack of space for comfortable movement. In addition, the need to provide additional storage space - often used for this purpose cabinets, columns, buffet dish or part of the premises the next room;
with this arrangement of the interior wall of the room is largely remain free, so you need to pay special attention to their high-quality finish with a kitchen dirt resistant materials;
significant burden on his back in the process of cooking - the hostess, will likely have to bend down to the floor often pedestals;
a kitchen set sibling is likely to cost considerably more expensive compared to the suite with hanging lockers.
Kitchen furniture without upper cabinets

On sale you can find a variety of kitchen sets without hanging lockers manufactured in a variety of styles. Sometimes it is not possible to choose the right style and size of the set, in such cases, such furniture can be made to order in the workshops. If you install the full set does not allow the floor area, or the cost of the headset seems excessively high, the kitchen cabinets without attachments can be combined according to individual needs of the individual elements.

One-level kitchen set up of wide cabinets equipped with drawers. Elevations of floor modules allowed to stand in the same plane, so that their line Drawer united in a common circuit.

Furniture ergonomic shape with functional furniture allows optimal space pedestals and cabinets, allowing workers to unload the surface. For most comfortable operating, they use a variety of devices in a variety of door closers, pull-out shelves and rotating carousels that provide easy access to content stored there. Quite convenient mobile tables on wheels - from several of these modules can be single work surface, and you can use them as individual items of kitchen interior.

Despite the fact that in a kitchen provided use of external components, it is entirely permissible to combine modules and floor cupboards sufficiently high - more often they are placed at a distance from the window. Sometimes the top of the cabinet is made open or glazed and filled dishes - an element of a kitchen interior looks quite advantageous, without cluttering the space.
Interior design kitchen without upper cabinets

If you plan to install kitchen furniture without hanging lockers, it is also important to pay due attention to the decoration of the walls, the lighting equipment is necessary and selection of kitchen accessories. When single-level arrangement of furniture kitchen walls in sight, with the plane of the wall near the countertops will be in the spotlight. Protect the wall from contamination and damage during cooking easy by installing a protective screen. It can be either a low altitude high enough, decorated with various patterns and ornaments. This kitchen apron can be equipped with a variety of materials - oblitsevat ceramic tiles, stone, MDF panels or decorative glass.

At the level of the upper edge of the screen can be positioned with convenient shelves for different dishes and kitchen stuff. In addition, when placing food-tier design appropriate to use rails - placed horizontally and vertically fine tube, which are easily attached to the wall surface. On the horizontal rails can be positioned any items needed in the area of ​​access, such as potholders and kitchen tools, spices, cutting boards, spatulas, cups and dish dryers. On the vertical rails comfortably accommodate light mounted shelves, racks for glasses. These decorative elements of kitchen interior look light and almost weightless, do not overload the space and to some extent able to replace hanging kitchen cabinets for storage of kitchen stuff. In this case, all the necessary kitchenware is literally at your fingertips.

At the stage lighting-tier arrangement kitchen should pay attention to the small lights that can be attached to the surface of the walls with a flexible arm. In such a case it would be quite convenient to adjust the lighting, directing the flow of light in the right direction.

For low kitchen facilities suitable built ceiling lights. With high ceilings convenient to use pendant lamp adjustable length, which can be placed at a convenient distance from the working kitchen area.

CARPET FOR WASHING

To reduce spending on preparations for washing the carpets that we offer to buy in stores, let's make cleaner carpets themselves. This facility will be much cheaper, without the endless list of chemicals with the composition and most importantly - it will be clean.

So, we need to empty containers of medium size spray, which we add:

1 tablespoon of baking soda;

1/3 cup vinegar;

hot water, not boiling (not reaching about 5 cm to the edge of the container);

1 tablespoon of detergent.

We sprayed our means on the spot, and to clean them! Cleared very easy!

6 grandmother's tips for houseplants.

Tip 1.
In winter and autumn flowers need to be watered in the morning. In the summer and in the spring - in the evening.

Tip 2.
Spray the flowers need the early morning or evening. The sprayer is poured hot water, spray it cools down.

Tip 3.
The secret of bright and juicy color leaves - in spraying with the addition of alcohol camphor. Approximately 2-4 drops of 1 liter of water.

Tip 4.
The flower pot fill the earth layer, put the fish head, again covered with soil and planted a flower. Now this may seem ridiculous, because there are so many fertilizers. But, nevertheless, fish head doing its job. Checked.

Tip 5.
Fertilizing houseplants. How many sorts of fertilizers and tips for their use! The grandmother did so.

- Will wash the meat in a bowl, the water poured into the flowers.
-Kaktusy Fed up with milk. Mix water and very little milk, but little else in the overabundance of milk land can not smell very nice.
-During Blooming flower couple of times fed up with castor oil. On 1 liter of water is about 1 teaspoon of castor oil. Shake strongly and feed.
-Zimoy Fed up with sugar flowers, felt that the lack of light can replace sugary waters. In a glass of water about 1-2 teaspoons of sugar.

Tip 6.
When transplanting flowering plants heavily compacted soil. And for green plants, on the contrary, it makes the land very loose.

17 most common mistakes in decorating the interior and how to fix them.

1. Artificial flowers. Even the most elegant flower made from fabric or plastic is no substitute for live flowers bouquets -such only collect dust and birth is not the most pleasant associations. So experts suggest completely get rid of the rag or plastic flowers in the house.

2. Too many cushions. Yes, of course, they bring an atmosphere of comfort, but sometimes too much. If every time you are about to lie down or sit down, you have to remove a mountain of pillows, safely dispose of excess!

3. Solid interior. 90% of residential interiors are now done in neutral colors - beige, brown or dark green. Accessories and lighting also selected appropriate. But in order to keep pace with the times, do not be afraid of color. Bright accents will not be denied, but only in the atmosphere of the house will bring liveliness, freshness and conviviality.

4. The "Bare" window. Do not forget that the windows also require a separate decor that would fit into the overall interior and allows light to penetrate freely into the room. Therefore, the curtains should be selected with great care. "Grandmother" and chintz curtains, heavy drapes, and equally out of place in a modern home.

5. Furniture, placed along the walls. Many adhere already outdated stereotypes - all furniture should be placed along the walls, and the middle of the room should remain free. But, on the other hand, what you need is free space? Not in every room is supposed to have parties with dancing. So designers are advised to organize the space of the room balanced, and yet fill in the middle.

6. impractical upholstery on sofas and chairs. The only requirement for upholstery - practicality. They should be easily erased in case they shed food or beverages.

7. Too high hanging pictures. Paintings - an important element of the decor, and they have to stop look. So do not place them under the ceiling. Remember: the center of the composition should be at eye level.

8. Improper lighting. It is known that light "makes" the interior. So poorly or improperly lit room can not look stylish, no matter how carefully it was not furnished.

9. "floating" carpets. General rule - the carpet should be fixed legs of furniture. Crumpled rug automatically makes room grubby.

10. The diversity and too many accessories. Suffice it to emphasize one or two key elements of interior. A lot of souvenirs, statuettes, small pictures, as well as the use of diverse motifs in the decor makes the room very intricate.

11. Heterogeneous furniture. All the furniture in the room should be unity and to serve one purpose, and meet its purpose.

12. "Strange" furniture. In pursuit of originality is not necessary to forget about functionality. Furniture should not look alien in the room.

13. stylistic uniformity. Do not be afraid to combine the interior elements of several styles, of course, guided by the taste and sense of proportion.

14. "Barricades" of furniture. Make sure that the furniture will not disturb you to move freely around the house. If something gets insurmountable obstacle in your way, feel free to change the layout of the room.

15. Uncomfortable chairs at the dinner table. Sitting on hard stools, difficult to enjoy the food. Therefore, for the kitchen or dining room should be selected comfortable chairs.

16. Excessive strictness. Make the office of residential apartments is not necessary. The house should be used for real life.

17. cluttering. If you are presented with an unnecessary thing, you should not keep it at home "in reserve" - ​​better to get rid of it.

How to weld the hinges on the gate?

If you are not a professional welder, but with all my heart want to do welding work on their own, we can please you - welding hinges on the gate or welding hinges on the gate, it is not as difficult as it seems, and you may well be able to carry out its own hands.

Hinges - is the main functional element of future construction. The main function of the loop - opening and closing of the gate or gates.

Methods of welding hinges on the gates vary mainly depending on the material you have chosen as the basis for your gate, as well as - the material supporting pillars (pillar of brick, concrete or round metal pole).

When choosing the loop for future gate, better to give preference to low-maintenance and more reliable loops. For example, loops with balls.
The process hinges on the correct welding garage doors

In welding, it is important to observe safety precautions. Therefore, you should prepare in advance for a protective mask and gloves.

Root welding process is better when the gate is still lying on a flat surface. Hinges should be lubricated with grease in advance.

Stages welding garage loops:
For starters, you need lining thickness of 2 to 5 millimeters. The gasket is necessary to slip under the lower part of the loop;
The upper part of the loop, you can grab an end;
Followed differences, as discussed earlier, depending on the shape of the post.
How to weld hinges to a round pillar?

Loops are issued by 5 millimeters out.
How to weld the hinges to the square pillars?

Cook should be flush technology is the same for both loops. Hinges need to grab and use the rectangular bar - to expose them.

Set the shutter curtain vertically;
Check plumb;
Attach the hinges to the gate and check if they are on the same line, parallel to the edge of the gate;
Welding hinges. First of all, the door leaf, and the second to the stakes. Make sure that the welding seam vertical and quality;
After welding, clean the welds grinder.
Why mounting plate?

In some cases, in order to simplify the welding work, and at the same time evenly distribute the load, pre-welded to the hinge plates of a special metal.

The shape and size of the plate depends on the weight and thickness of the metal gate leaf. In addition, the plate may well perform a decorative function.
Hidden internal hinges are welded on the gate

If you have a need for welding to the gate of the inner loop (hidden), it is best to consult a professional, it's quite time-consuming technique that requires the hands of an experienced welder and his hands you can not cope with it.
As welded loop at the gate of corrugated board?

The pattern that is going to frame out of the leaf shaped tube.

The process is as follows:
Make two jumpers, parallel top and bottom long side flaps and secure gons;
The distance between the beams must be such that the sash was divided into three equal portions;
These jumpers welded hinges gate;
Decking is screwed on top of already welded loops. Best fit garage loop length not less than one meter, the thicker the material, the better. We do not recommend the use of material thinner than 3 millimeters.